Wrapping up the Standard Model

The award of the Nobel prize in equal shares to Prof. Yoichiro Nambu of the University of Chicago, Profs. Makato Kobayashi of the KEK laboratory in Tsukuba and Toshihide Maskawa of Kyoto University, nearly completes the series of Nobel Prizes recognizing the development of the Standard Model of Particle Physics. This model is a simple and coherent picture of fundamental particles and forces based upon the mathematical formalism of Relativistic Quantum (Gauge) Field theory(RQFT) developed between 1960 and 1979. It successfully describes the underlying physics of all material reality (except gravitational forces) in terms of just three families of QuarkLepton matter particles and three types of force particles (photons, gluons and W-Z bosons, responsible for Electromagnetic, Strong subnuclear and Weak subnuclear forces respectively). The quark pairs of the three generations are called up-down,charmstrange and top-bottom, while the lepton pairs are the electron, muon and tau leptons along with their partner neutrinos.